Titre :
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Gut Microbiota Composition and Sleep in Preschoolers; ELFE Birth Cohort Study
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Auteurs :
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Zeinab Houshialsadat
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Type de document :
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Mémoire
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Année de publication :
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2023
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Description :
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53p.
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Langues:
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Anglais
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Classement :
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MPH23/ (Master EHESP International master of public health - MPH)
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Mots-clés :
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Sommeil
;
Impact
;
Insomnie
;
Intestin
;
Enfant
;
Jardin enfant
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Résumé :
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Sleep plays a critical role in children’s mental health development and physical well-being. Insufficient duration and inadequate quality of sleep are fairly common in children of preschool age (3-5 years) and are associated with an array of health complications in the short and long term. The preschool period is also key in the stabilization of gut microbiota characteristics. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the gut microbiota composition and diversity in association with the duration and quality of sleep (frequency of sleep onset difficulties and night waking) in children of 3.5 years within the framework of the Étude longitudinale française depuis l’enfance (ELFE) birth cohort study. Gut microbiota profiling was assessed using a 16S rRNA gene sequencing-based method. Two sleep clusters were constructed by Latent Class Analysis (LCA) and represented groups of children with less and more optimal sleep. Two microbiota enterotypes were identified through the Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) method; enterotype 1 was dominated by Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium and enterotype 2 was dominated by higher proportions of Prevotella and Bacteroides. Association between Chao1 and Shannon alpha diversity measures, microbiota enterotypes, and sleep clusters were assessed using binary logistic regression models adjusted for maternal and child health and demographic characteristics and household general status. A stratified analysis was conducted based on child sex. Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA) was done based on the Bray-Curtis and Weighted UniFrac distance matrices to assess the overall gut microbiota community composition differences. Also, the Analysis of Compositions of Microbiomes with Bias Correction (ANCOM-BC) and Analysis of Differential Abundance Taking Sample Variation into Account (ALDEx-2) methods were used assess the specific microbiota genus abundances across the sleep clusters. No significant associations were found between the gut microbiota diversity measures or enterotypes and sleep clusters in children, however, in the child sex-specific results, every standard deviation increase in the microbiota richness was associated with a higher probability of belonging to the “less optimal sleep cluster” in boys compared to girls. Neither the overall gut microbiota community composition nor any specific genera abundances were significantly different between the two sleep clusters. Further research is required to validate the results of this study.
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Diplôme :
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Master MPH of public health
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Plan de classement simplifié :
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Master of Public Health - master international de Santé Public (MPH)
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En ligne :
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https://documentation.ehesp.fr/memoires/2023/mph/zainab_houshialsadat.pdf
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