Résumé :
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[BDSP. Notice produite par INIST-CNRS k8CrR0xG. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Background In many developed countries, immigrants live longer-that is, have lower death rates at most or all ages-than native-born residents. This article tests whether different levels of smoking-related mortality can explain part of the'healthy immigrant effect'in the USA, as well as part of the related'Hispanic paradox'the tendency for US Hispanics to outlive non-Hispanic Whites. Methods With data from vital statistics and the national census, we calculate lung cancer death rates in 2000 for four US subpopulations : foreign-born, native-born, Hispanic and non-Hispanic White. We then use three different methods-the Peto-Lopez method, the Preston-Glei-Wilmoth method and a novel method developed in this article-to generate three alternative estimates of smoking-related mortality for each of the four subpopulations, extrapolating from lung cancer death rates. We then measure the contribution of smoking-related mortality to disparities in all-cause mortality. Results Taking estimates from any of the three methods, we find that smoking explains>50% of the difference in life expectancy at 50 years between foreign-and native-born men, and>70% of the difference between foreign-and native-born women ; smoking explains>75% of the difference in life expectancy at 50 years between US Hispanic and non-Hispanic White men, and close to 75% of the Hispanic advantage among women. Conclusions Low smoking-related mortality was the main reason for immigrants'and Hispanics'longevity advantage in the USA in 2000.
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