Résumé :
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[BDSP. Notice produite par INIST-CNRS ql79BR0x. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Background : Evidence suggests that intrauterine growth restriction followed by rapid post-natal growth is associated with high blood pressure. We assessed the effect of early size and post-natal growth on blood pressure in a population from West Africa, where fetal growth retardation and childhood malnutrition are common. Methods : A total of 1288 Senegalese subjects were followed from infancy to young adulthood (mean age 17.9 years). Adult systolic blood pressure (SBP) was regressed on infant and adult anthropometric characteristics. Results : In unadjusted analyses, infant size was positively associated with adult SBP (1.1+/-0.3 ; P=0.001 for weight ; 0.7+/-0.3 ; P=0.04 for length). With adjustment for current size, the regression coefficients for infant size were reversed (-0.2+/-0.3 ; P=0.51 for weight ; - 0.3+/-0.3 ; P=0.35 for length). SBP increased by 4.1 and 2.9 mmHg for 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in current weight or height, respectively. No interaction between infant size and current size was found in the overall models (P=0.11 for weight, P=0.95 for height), but this term interacted with sex for weight effect. A negative interaction was found in males (-0.9+/-0.4 ; P=0.02) but not in females (0.3+/-0.4 ; P=0.46). The association of current weight with SBP was stronger in lighter weight male infants. Conclusions : These findings support the hypothesis that subjects who were small in early life and experienced enhanced post-natal growth have higher levels of SBP, even in low-income settings.
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