Titre :
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Global cost-benefit analysis of water supply and sanitation interventions. (2007)
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Auteurs :
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Laurence Haller ;
Jamie BARTRAM ;
Guy HUTTON
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Type de document :
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Article
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Dans :
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Journal of water and health (vol. 5, n° 4, Décembre 2007)
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Pagination :
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481-502
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Langues:
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Anglais
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Mots-clés :
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Analyse coût bénéfice
;
Sécurité sanitaire
;
Eau
;
Gestion eau
;
Analyse eau
;
Evaluation économique
;
Eau consommation humaine
;
Santé environnementale
;
Pollution eau
;
Surveillance environnement
;
Diarrhée
;
Génie sanitaire
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Résumé :
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The aim of this study was to estimate the economic benefits and costs of a range of interventions to improve access to water supply and sanitation facilities in the developing world. Results are presented for eleven developing country WHO sub-regions as well as at the global level, in United States Dollars (US$) for the year 2000. Five different types of water supply and sanitation improvement were modelled: achieving the water millennium development goal of reducing by half in 2015 those without improved water supply in the year 1990; achieving the combined water supply and sanitation MDG; universal basic access to water supply and sanitation; universal basic access plus water purification at the point-of-use; and regulated piped water supply and sewer connection. Predicted reductions in the incidence of diarrhoeal disease were calculated based on the expected population receiving these interventions. The costs of the interventions included estimations of the full investment and annual running costs. The benefits of the interventions included time savings due to easier access, gain in productive time and reduced health care costs saved due to less illness, and prevented deaths. The results show that all water and sanitation improvements are cost-beneficial in all developing world sub-regions. The main contributor to economic benefits was time savings associated with better access to water and sanitation services, contributing at least 80% to overall economic benefits. One-way sensitivity analysis showed that even under pessimistic data assumptions the potential economic benefits outweighed the costs in all developing world regions. Further country case-studies are recommended as a follow up to this global analysis.
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