Résumé :
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[BDSP. Notice produite par INIST-CNRS UR0xga29. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Background : Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been associated in some studies with increased risk for B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). To assess this further, we conducted a case-control study in Egypt, where HCV prevalence is extremely high. Methods : Cases with B-cell NHL (N=227) were recruited from the National Cancer Institute of Cairo University, a major referral centre. Controls (N=227) were patients with Iractures being treated at the Kasr El-Aini Orthopaedic Hospital, from the same referral base as the cases, and were frequency-matched by gender, rural versus urban birthplace, and age. Subjects were interviewed about their medical history and possible risk factors, and blood samples were collected for HCV diagnostic tests. Anti-HCV and HCV RNA were determined by enzyme-linked immunoassay and reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI were calculated from logistic regression models. Results : Overall, 42% of subjects were anti-HCV positive and 33% had HCV RNA. There was a statistically significant unadjusted association of HCV RNA with NHL (OR=2.3,95% CI : 1.5,3.5), which differed slightly by gender (males : OR=2.1,95% CI : 1.2,3.7 versus females : OR=2.5,95% CI : 1.3,4.8). Anti-HCV without HCV RNA was not associated with case status (OR=0.9,95% CI : 0.5,1.6). After adjustment for age, gender, rural versus urban birthplace, and rural versus urban current residence, the association of HCV RNA with the risk of NHL remained statistically significant (OR=2.9,95% CI : 1.9,4.5). Conclusions : These data support the hypothesis that NHL is a malignant outcome of chronic HCV infection.
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