Résumé :
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[BDSP. Notice produite par INIST-CNRS eR0xSJX4. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Context Despite the public alarm following a series of high-profile school shootings that occurred in the United States during the late 1990s, little is known about the actual incidence and characteristics of school-associated violent deaths. Objective To describe recent trends and features of school-associated violent deaths in the United States. Design, Setting, and Subjects Population-based surveillance study of data collected from media databases, state and local agencies, and police and school officials for July 1,1994, through June 30,1999. A case was defined as a homicide, suicide, legal intervention, or unintentional firearm-related death of a student or nonstudent in which the fatal injury occurred (1) on the campus of a public or private elementary or secondary school, (2) while the victim was on the way to or from such a school, or (3) while the victim was attending or traveling to or from an official school-sponsored event. Main Outcome Measures National estimates of risk of school-associated violent death ; national trends in school-associated violent deaths ; common features of these events ; and potential risk factors for perpetration and victimization. Results Between 1994 and 1999,220 events resulting in 253 deaths were identified ; 202 events involved 1 death and 18 involved multiple deaths (median, 2 deaths per multiple-victim event). Of the 220 events, 172 were homicides, 30 were suicides, 11 were homicide-suicides, 5 were legal intervention deaths, and 2 were unintentional firearm-related deaths. Students accounted for 172 (68.0%) of these deaths, resulting in an estimated average annual incidence of 0.068 per 100000 students. Between 1992 and 1999, the rate of single-victim student homicides decreased significantly (P=03) ; however, homicide rates for students killed in multiple-victim events increased (P=047). (...)
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