Titre :
|
Black-white differences in avoidable mortality in the USA, 1980-2005. (2009)
|
Auteurs :
|
MACINKO (J.) : USA. New York University. Department of Nutrition. Food Studies. And Public Health. New York. NY. ;
ELO (I.T.) : USA. University of Pennsylvania. Department of Sociology. Philadelphia. PA.
|
Type de document :
|
Article
|
Dans :
|
Journal of epidemiology and community health (vol. 63, n° 9, 2009)
|
Pagination :
|
715-721
|
Langues:
|
Anglais
|
Mots-clés :
|
Etude comparée
;
Mortalité
;
Epidémiologie
;
Amérique
;
Amérique du Nord
|
Résumé :
|
[BDSP. Notice produite par INIST-CNRS IB8ltR0x. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Background : Avoidable Mortality (AM) describes causes of death that should not occur in the presence of high-quality and timely medical treatment and from causes that can be influenced at least in part by public policy/behaviour. This study analyses black-white disparities in AM. Methods : Mortality under age 65 was analysed from : (1) conditions amenable to medical care ; (2) those sensitive to public policy and/or behaviour change ; (3) ischaemic heart disease ; (4) HIV/AIDS ; and (5) the remaining causes of death. Age-standardised death rates (ASDRs) were constructed for each race and sex group using vital statistics and census data from 1980-2005. Absolute rate differences and the proportionate contribution of each cause of death group to all-cause black-white mortality disparities are calculated based on the ASDRs. Negative binomial regression was used to model relative risks of death. Results : In 2005, medical care amenable mortality was the largest source of absolute black-white mortality disparity, contributing 30% of the black-white difference in all-cause mortality among men and 42% among women ; mortality subject to policy/behaviour interventions contributed 20% of the black-white difference for men and 4% for women. Although absolute black-white differences for most conditions diminished over time, relative disparities as measured by rate ratios showed little change, except for HIV/AIDS for which relative risks increased substantially for black men and women. Conclusions : There is considerable potential for narrowing of the black-white difference in AM, especially from causes amenable to medical care and (for men) policy/behaviour interventions.
|