Résumé :
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[BDSP. Notice produite par INIST vR0xR1L8. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Objectives. Data from 2 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), NHANES II (1976-1980) and NHANES II (1988-1994), were analyzed to examine trends in the prevalence of hepatitis B infection in the United States. Methods. Serum specimens were tested for markers of hepatitis B virus infection, and risk factors were determined from questionnaires. Results. The overall age-adjusted prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection was 5.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]=4.8,6.2) in NHANES II, as compared with 4.9% (95% CI=4.3,5.6) in NHANES III. In both surveys, Black participants had the highest prevalence of infection (NHANES II, 15.8% ; NHANES III, 11.9%). No differences in infection were found in the major racial groups between surveys, except for a decrease among those older than 50 years. Black race, increasing number of lifetime sexual partners, and foreign birth had the strongest independent associations with hepatitis B virus infection. Conclusions. Testing of participants in 2 national surveys demonstrates no significant decrease in hepatitis B virus infection, despite the availability of hepatitis B vaccine.
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