Résumé :
|
[BDSP. Notice produite par INIST-CNRS 8HpR0xnE. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Objective. We described the changing epidemiology of viral hepatitis among the American Indian/Alaska Native (Al/AN) population that uses Indian Health Service (IHS) health care. Methods. We used hospital discharge data from the IHS National Patient Information Reporting System to determine rates of hepatitis A-B-and C-associated hospitalization among Al/ANs using IHS health care from 1995-2007 and summary periods 1995-1997 and 2005-2007. Results. Hepatitis A-associated hospitalization rates among Al/AN people decreased from 4.9 per 100,000 population during 1995-1997 to 0.8 per 100,000 population during 2005-2007 (risk ratio [RR]=0.2,95% confidence interval [CI] 0.1,0.2). While there was no significant change in the overall hepatitis B-associated hospitalization rate between time periods, the average annual rate in people aged 45-64 years increased by 109% (RR=2.1,95% CI 1.4,3.2). Between the two time periods, the hepatitis C-associated hospitalization rate rose from 13.0 to 55.0 per 100,000 population (RR=4.2,95% CI 3.8,4.7), an increase of 323%. The hepatitis C-associated hospitalization rate was highest among people aged 45-64 years, males, and those in the Alaska region. Conclusions. Hepatitis A has decreased to near-eradication levels among the Al/AN population using IHS health care. Hepatitis C-associated hospitalizations increased significantly ; however, there was no significant change in hepatitis B-associated hospitalizations. Emphasis should be placed on continued univer-sal childhood and adolescent hepatitis B vaccination and improved vaccination of high-risk adults. Prevention and education efforts should focus on decreasing hepatitis C risk behaviors and identifying people with hepatitis C infection so they may be referred for treatment.
|