Résumé :
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[BDSP. Notice produite par INIST-CNRS rNsR0xXJ. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Objectives. The current status of and changes in the HIV epidemic in the United States are described, Methods, Surveillance data were used to evaluate time trends in AIDS diagnoses and deaths. Estimates of HIV incidence were derived from studies done during the 1990s ; time trends in recent HIV incidence were inferred from HIV diagnoses and seroprevalence among young persons. Results. Numbers of deaths and AIDS diagnoses decreased dramatically during 1996 and 1997 but stabilized or declined only slightly during 1998 and 1999. Proportional decreases were smallest among African American women, women in the South, and persons infected through heterosexnal contact. HIV incidence has been roughly constant since 1992 in most populations with time trend data, remains highest among men who have sex with men and injection drug users, and typically is higher among African Americans than other racial/ethnic groups. Conclusions. The epidemic increasingly affects women, minorities, persons infected through heterosexual contact, and the poor. Renewed interest and investment in HIV and AIDS surveillance and surveillance in behaviors associated with HIV transmission are esential to direct ressources for prevention to populations with greatest and to evaluate intervention programs.
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