Résumé :
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[BDSP. Notice produite par INIST zR0xlhqm. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. To assess the efficacy of occupant protection systems, the authors measured the mortality reduction associated with air bag deployment and seat belt use for drivers involved in head-on passenger car collisions in the United States. They used a matched case-control design of all head-on collisions involving two passenger cars reported to the Fatality Analysis Reporting System in 1992-1997, and driver mortality differences between the paired crash vehicles for air bag deployment and seat belt use were measured with matched-pair odds ratios. Conditional logistic regression was used to adjust for multiple effects. There were 9,859 head-on collisions involving 19,718 passenger cars and drivers. Air bag deployment reduced mortality 63% (crude odds ratio (OR)=0.37,95% confidence interval (Cl) : 0.32,0.42), while lap-shoulder belt use reduced mortality 72% (OR=0.28,95% Cl : 0.25,0.31). In a conditional logistic model that adjusted for vehicle (rollover, weight, age) and driver (age, sex) factors, air bags (OR=0.71,95% Cl : 0.58,0.87) and any combination of seat belts (OR=0.25,95% Cl : 0.22,0.29) were both associated with reduced mortality. Combined air bag and seat belt use reduced mortality by more than 80% (OR=0.18,95% Cl : 0.13,0.25). Thus, this study confirms the independent effect of air bags and seat belts in reducing mortality. Am J Epidemiol 2001 ; 153 : 219-24.
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