| Titre : | Bias in the case-only design applied to studies of gene-environment and gene-gene interaction : a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2011) |
| Auteurs : | Jessica DENNIS ; Nick BIRKETT ; Julia FREI ; Mihaela GHEORGHE ; Steven HAWKEN ; Daniel KREWSKI ; Julian LITTLE ; MCKEOWN-EYSSEN (Gail) : CAN. Dalla Lana School of Public Health and Department of Nutritional Sciences. University of Toronto. Toronto. ON. ; McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment. University of Ottawa. Ottawa. ON. CAN |
| Type de document : | Article |
| Dans : | International journal of epidemiology (vol. 40, n° 5, 2011) |
| Pagination : | 1329-1341 |
| Langues: | Anglais |
| Mots-clés : | Biais ; Etude cas ; Santé environnementale ; Gène ; Génétique ; Environnement |
| Résumé : | [BDSP. Notice produite par INIST-CNRS kR0x78Hm. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Background The case-only study, proposed as a design specifically for assessing departure from multiplicative gene-environment and gene-gene interactions, is of considerable potential value but there are concerns about its validity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the extent and sources of bias in the case-only design by means of a systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Methods The MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE and PUBMED databases were searched through to 7 October 2009. Studies that assessed bias in the case-only design applied to the study of gene-environment and gene-gene interaction were identified. Qualitative comments on the sources and extent of bias were extracted. A meta-regression analysis of the ratio (IORCC/IORCO) of the case-control (IORCC) and case-only (IORCO) interaction odds ratios was conducted based on studies in which both methods were applied to the same data set. Results The search yielded 365 unique articles of which 38 met the inclusion criteria. Potential sources of bias in the case-only design included non-independence of genotype and exposure in the source population. Meta-regression analysis, based on 24 evaluations, produced a mean IORCC/IORCO of 1.06 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.93-1.22], suggesting that bias in case-only designs is not common in practice. The I2 statistic indicated that 23.9% (95% uncertainty interval 0-53.9%) of the observed variation was due to heterogeneity between studies, which was not explained by any methodological characteristics of the included studies. Conclusion As understanding of the relationships between genes and environmental exposures in the population improves, the case-only design may prove to be of considerable value. |
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