| Titre : | Low Incidences of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Declining Risk Behaviors in a Cohort of Injection Drug Users in Chennai, India. (2010) |
| Auteurs : | Sunil SUHAS SOLOMON ; Santhanam ANAND ; David-D CELENTANO ; Syed-H IQBAL ; Carl LATKIN ; Shruti-H MEHTA ; . MUNIRATNAM SURESH KUMAR ; Kalilapuri-G MURUGAVEL ; Suniti SOLOMON ; Aylur-K SRIKRISHNAN ; Canjeevaram-K VASUDEVAN ; Y R Gaitonde Centre for Aids Research and Education. Chennai. IND |
| Type de document : | Article |
| Dans : | American journal of epidemiology (vol. 172, n° 11, 2010) |
| Pagination : | 1259-1267 |
| Langues: | Anglais |
| Mots-clés : | Sida ; Hépatite virale C ; Toxicomanie ; Incidence ; VIH ; Facteur risque ; Risque ; Comportement ; Voie intraveineuse ; Inde ; Prise de risque ; Epidémiologie ; Virose ; Infection ; Rétrovirus ; Virus ; Asie ; Immunopathologie |
| Résumé : | [BDSP. Notice produite par INIST-CNRS R0xnm798. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. The authors characterized human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) incidence and prospective changes in self-reported risk behavior over 2 years among 1,158 injection drug users (IDUs) recruited in Chennai, India, in 2005-2006. At baseline, HIV prevalence was 25.3%, and HCV prevalence was 54.5%. Seropositive persons with prevalent HIV infection were used to estimate baseline HIV incidence by means of the Calypte HIV-1 BED Incidence EIA (Calypte Biomedical Corporation, Portland, Oregon). Longitudinal HIV and HCV incidence were measured among 865 HIV-negative IDUs and 519 HCV antibody-negative IDUs followed semiannually for 2 years. Participants received pre-and posttest risk reduction counseling at each visit. Estimated HIV incidence at baseline was 2.95 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval (CI) : 1.21,4.69) by BED assay ; observed HIV incidence over 1,262 person-years was 0.48 per 100 person-years (95% CI : 0.17,1.03). HCV incidence over 645 person-years was 1.71 per 100 person-years (95% CI : 0.85,3.03). Self-reported risk behaviors declined significantly over time, from 100% of participants reporting drug injection at baseline to 11% at 24 months. In this cohort with high HIV and HCV prevalence at enrollment, the authors observed low incidence and declining self-reported risk behavior over time. While no formal intervention was administered, these findings highlight the potential impact of voluntary counseling and testing in a high-risk cohort. |
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