Résumé :
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[BDSP. Notice produite par INIST-CNRS Q42O7R0x. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Aim : This study explored possible disabling and enabling factors in order to develop and implement a structured oral hygiene protocol in nursing homes. Methods : Data were collected from a representative sample of residents (n=359) and health care workers (n=225) in 16 Belgian nursing homes selected by a technique of stratified random sampling based on number of residents and management. Oral hygiene and specific characteristics on individual patient level were assessed during a clinical examination and, on institutional level, in addition to the stratification variables, oral hygiene facilities, behaviour of the director, personnel behaviour and knowledge were assessed by a self-administered validated questionnaire. Main findings : The mean dental plaque index and the mean denture plaque index were 2.17 (maximum=3) and 2.13 (maximum=4) respectively. Significant positive correlations were found between the availability of oral hygiene facilities in an institution and personnel knowledge, supportive and directive behaviour of the directors, number of residents, mean age and degree of dependency of residents. Multiple regression analysis revealed personnel knowledge as the most predictive variable for the availability of oral hygiene facilities on institutional level. On an individual level, degree of dependency was the only significant determinant for the presence of dental plaque (adjusted OR : 3.09). The only significant explanatory variable for denture plaque was the management of the institution with better denture cleanliness for residents in commercial institutions (adjusted OR : 0.43). Principal conclusions : After controlling for potential con founders, primary enabling factors affecting the implementation of an oral hygiene protocol were good personnel knowledge, the type of management of the institution and the supportive and directive behaviour of the board of directors. Potentially disabling factors were high degree of dependency of the residents, high mean age of the residents and a high proportion of dentate residents.
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