| Titre : | Implementing Programs for the Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission in Resource-Constrained Settings : Horizons Studies, 1999-2007. (2010) |
| Auteurs : | Carolyn BAEK ; Naomi RUTENBERG ; Population Council. Washington. DC. USA |
| Type de document : | Article |
| Dans : | Public health reports (vol. 125, n° 2, 2010) |
| Pagination : | 293-304 |
| Langues: | Anglais |
| Mots-clés : | Programme ; Structure préventive ; Prévention santé ; Sida ; VIH ; Ressource ; Virose ; Infection ; Rétrovirus ; Virus ; Immunopathologie |
| Résumé : | [BDSP. Notice produite par INIST-CNRS R0xp9GJ7. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. An estimated 430,00 new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections occurred among children younger than 15 years of age in 2008, most in sub-Saharan Africa and most due to mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). In marked contrast, MTCT of HIV has been virtually eliminated in well-resourced settings through the use of combinations of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for the mother during pregnancy and labor and for the infant postpartum ; cesarean delivery to reduce the infant's exposure to trauma and infection in the birth canal ; and formula feeding to protect the infant from transmission from breast-feeding. While effective, these interventions are costly and require strong health-care systems. From 1999 to 2003, Horizons conducted operations research to determine how interventions successful in the clinical trial setting would translate to the real-world environments of maternal and child health-care delivery in low-resource settings. A second set of Horizons studies (2004-2007) sought to address gaps in adherence to ARV prophylaxis ; examine roles of family planning in prevention of MTCT (PMTCT) programs ; show the value of psychosocial support for HIV-positive mothers ; and identify ways to improve the quality of care and follow-up for women in the postpartum period. This article provides an assessment of the findings of Horizons studies on PMTCT interventions from 1999 to 2007 and identifies needs for follow-on efforts. |
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