| Titre : | Use of an observational cohort study to estimate the effectiveness of the New Zealand group B meningococcal vaccine in children aged under 5 years. (2009) |
| Auteurs : | Yvonne GALLOWAY ; Anne MCNICHOLAS ; Jane O'HALLAHAN ; STEHR-GREEN (Paul) : USA. Department of Epidemiology. University of Washington. Seattle. WA. |
| Type de document : | Article |
| Dans : | International journal of epidemiology (vol. 38, n° 2, 2009) |
| Pagination : | 413-418 |
| Langues: | Anglais |
| Mots-clés : | Utilisation ; Estimation ; Efficacité ; Vaccination ; Vaccin ; Enfant ; Prévention santé ; Bactériose ; Infection ; Océanie ; Homme |
| Résumé : | [BDSP. Notice produite par INIST-CNRS IH9lR0xF. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Background : In July 2004 a strain-specific vaccine was introduced to combat an epidemic of group B meningococcal disease in New Zealand. We estimated the effectiveness of this vaccine in pre-school-aged children. Methods : We conducted a cohort analysis of all children in New Zealand who were aged 6 months to<5 years at the time the vaccine became available for that age group in their area. We defined cases as children who were diagnosed with laboratory-confirmed epidemic strain meningococcal disease. We calculated person-days-at-risk using data from the National Immunization Register and population estimates from Statistics New Zealand. We estimated vaccine effectiveness as 1 - relative risk. Results : Compared with unvaccinated children, fully vaccinated children were five to six times less likely to contract epidemic strain meningococcal disease in the 24 months after they became eligible to receive a full vaccination series, corresponding to an estimated vaccine effectiveness of 80.0% (95% confidence interval : 52.5-91.6) for children aged 6 months to<5 years and 84.8% (95% confidence interval : 59.4-94.3) for children aged 6 months to<3 years. Conclusions : With over 3 million doses administered to individuals aged under 20 years throughout New Zealand, combined evidence from the Phase I and II clinical trials, the descriptive epidemiology of meningococcal disease, and this study provide evidence supporting the effectiveness of this vaccine in the 2 years following vaccination. |
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