Titre :
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Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. The Polio Model. Does it apply to polio ? Commentary. (2002)
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Auteurs :
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Nete-Munk NIELSEN ;
Peter Aaby ;
Jon-Kim ANDRUS ;
George DAVEY SMITH, préf. ;
Shah EBRAHIM, préf. ;
Matthias EGGER, préf. ;
Mads MELBYE ;
Kare MOLBAK ;
J.A.N. WOHLFAHRT
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Type de document :
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Article
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Dans :
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International journal of epidemiology (vol. 31, n° 1, 2002)
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Pagination :
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181-188
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Langues:
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Anglais
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Mots-clés :
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Poliomyélite
;
Virose
;
Infection
;
Exposition
;
Statut social
;
Rang naissance
;
Epidémiologie
;
Facteur risque
;
Homme
;
Système nerveux [pathologie]
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Résumé :
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[BDSP. Notice produite par INIST-CNRS 0877tR0x. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Background According to the polio model, severity of disease increases with age at infection. Firstborn children and people belonging to small families are generally infected later and should accordingly have a higher risk of severe polio. However, this model does contradict other explanations of severity of childhood infections including the intensive-exposure model. Methods To evaluate the deductions from the polio model we performed a study based on medical records from 5590 historical polio cases from the county of Copenhagen 1940-1953. The relative risk (RR) of polio according to age, birth order and sibship size was evaluated using census data from 1940 and 1950. Results Severity of polio measured as frequency of paralysis or mortality did not show a steady increase with age, but a U-shaped curve being highest for the youngest as well as the oldest patients. The incidence of polio and paralytic polio was higher in families with several children compared with single children (RR=1.13,95% CI : 1.0-1.3). Furthermore, the incidence was higher in laterborn children (Ptrend=5 years (RR=0.65,95% CI : 0.5-0.9). Conclusion The polio model's prediction about the impact of age, sibship size and birth order on polio incidence and severity found only limited support. A model emphasizing intensity of exposure as a risk factor for severity may account better for the epidemiology of polio infection.
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