Titre :
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Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. Risk factors for trachoma in Mali. (2002)
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Auteurs :
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J.F. SCHEMANN ;
A. BANOU ;
O. BORE ;
S. COULIBALY ;
George DAVEY SMITH, préf. ;
Shah EBRAHIM, préf. ;
Matthias EGGER, préf. ;
D. MALVY ;
G. MOMO ;
D. SACKO ;
L. TRAORE ;
Institute of African Tropical Ophthalmology Iota Bamako. MLI ;
Ophthalmic Centres of Mali. MLI
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Type de document :
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Article
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Dans :
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International journal of epidemiology (vol. 31, n° 1, 2002)
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Pagination :
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194-201
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Langues:
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Anglais
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Mots-clés :
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Trachome
;
Chlamydiose
;
Bactériose
;
Infection
;
Epidémiologie
;
Facteur risque
;
Homme
;
Mali
;
Afrique
;
Oeil [pathologie]
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Résumé :
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[BDSP. Notice produite par INIST-CNRS C2rR0xM9. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Objectives Prior to commencing a campaign to eliminate blinding trachoma in Mali, a national disease prevalence survey was conducted from March 1996 to June 1997. The prevalence of trachoma was estimated and potential risk factors were studied. Methods In each of Mali's seven regions (excluding the capital Bamako), a sample of 30 clusters was taken from the general population, in accordance with the principle of probability proportional to the size of the community. All children under 10 years of age were examined. The simplified clinical coding system proposed by the World Health Organization was used. The position of each village was established and subsequently related to the nearest meteorological station. Socioeconomic and environmental information was collected at both village and household level. The mother or caretaker of each child was questioned about availability and use of water for washing the child. At the time of examination, facial cleanliness and the presence of flies on the face were noted. Results A total of 15 187 children under 10 years of age were examined. The prevalence of active trachoma (follicular [TF] or intense trachoma [TI]) was 34.9% (95% CI : 32.3-37.6) and the prevalence of TI was 4.2% (95% CI : 3.5-5.0). Aridity/environmental dryness appears to be a risk factor influencing the current geographical distribution of trachoma. Small villages had considerably higher trachoma prevalence than their larger neighbours. The proximity of a medical centre and the existence of social organizations such as a women's association were associated with lower levels of trachoma. Crowded living conditions increased the risk. Using a monetary marker of wealth, we observed a linear inverse relation between wealth and trachoma prevalence. The presence of a dirty face was strongly associated with trachoma (odds ratio [OR]=3. (...)
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