| Titre : | Paediatric, invasive pneumococcal disease in Switzerland, 1985-1994. (1998) |
| Auteurs : | I. VENETZ ; K. MIIHLEMANN ; K. SCHOPFER ; Institute of Medical Microbiology. University of Bern. Bern. CHE ; Swiss Pneumococcal Study Group. CHE |
| Type de document : | Article |
| Dans : | International journal of epidemiology (vol. 27, n° 6, 1998) |
| Pagination : | 1101-1104 |
| Langues: | Anglais |
| Mots-clés : | Streptococcie ; Bactériose ; Infection ; Surveillance épidémiologique ; Epidémiologie ; Incidence ; Evolution ; Enfant ; Homme ; Adolescent ; Suisse ; Europe |
| Résumé : | [BDSP. Notice produite par INIST 9z0CR0xJ. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Background Cost effective use of new vaccines against pneumococcal disease in children requires detailed information about the local epidemiology of pneumococcal infections. Methods Data on 393 culture-confirmed cases of invasive pneumococcal infection in children (<17 years) hospitalized in Swiss paediatric clinics were collected retrospectively for the years 1985-1994. Results Meningitis (42%) was most frequent, followed by pneumonia (28%) and bacteraemia (26%). The overall annual incidence was 2.7 cases per 100 000 children<17 years old and 11 cases per 100 000 children<2 years old. Annual incidence rates were stable over the study period. Lethality was high for meningitis (8.6%) and bacteraemia (8.9%). A history of basal skull fracture was reported in 3.3% of children with pneumococcal meningitis. Residence in a rural region was associated with an increased risk of pneumococcal infection (relative risk=1.45. 95% confidence interval : 1.01-2.00). Conclusions Paediatric, invasive pneumococcal disease seems to be less frequent in Switzerland than in other European and non-European countries. This may be due to differences in diagnostic strategies and lower frequency of risk factors such as the use of day care. Children with a history of basal skull fracture are at increased risk for pneumococcal meningitis. (...) |
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