Titre :
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Inappropriate use of daily mortality analyses to estimate longer-term mortality effects of air pollution. (1998)
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Auteurs :
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Anthony J. McMichael ;
H.R. ANDERSON ;
B. BRUNEKREEF ;
A.J. COHEN
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Type de document :
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Article
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Dans :
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International journal of epidemiology (vol. 27, n° 3, 1998)
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Pagination :
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450-453
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Langues:
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Anglais
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Mots-clés :
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Pollution atmosphérique
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Court terme
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Long terme
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Epidémiologie
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Létalité
;
Facteur risque
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Méthodologie
;
Homme
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Résumé :
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[BDSP. Notice produite par INIST 4IR0xhcI. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Background To avoid the usual problems of multi-population correlation studies of air pollution and mortality, and for reasons of convenience, daily time-series mortality studies within single populations have recently become popular in air pollution epidemiology. Such studies describe how the short-term distribution of deaths relates to short-term fluctuations in air pollution levels. The regression-based risk coefficients from these acute-effects studies have been widely used to estimate the excess annual mortality within a population with a specified average level of air pollution. Such calculations are inappropriate. Since daily time-series data provide no simple direct information about the degree of life-shortening associated with the excess daily deaths (many of which are thought to be due to exacerbation of well-advanced disease, especially cardiovascular disease), such data cannot contribute to the estimation of the effects of air pollution upon chronic disease incidence and long-term death rates. Yet it is that category of effect that is of most public health importance. Conclusion Such effects are best estimated from long-term cohort studies that incorporate good knowledge of local (or personal) exposure to air pollutants and of potential confounders. (...)
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