| Titre : | Household and dwelling contact as risk factors for leprosy in Northern Malawi. (1997) |
| Auteurs : | P.E.M. FINE ; L. BLISS ; A. CHIHANA ; M. MUNTHALI ; J.M. PONNIGHAUS ; J. SAUL ; J.A.C. STERNE ; D.K. WARNDORFF ; Communicable Disease Epidemiology Unit. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. London. GBR ; Lepra. Chilumba Karonga District. MWI |
| Type de document : | Article |
| Dans : | American journal of epidemiology (vol. 146, n° 1, 1997) |
| Pagination : | 91-102 |
| Langues: | Anglais |
| Mots-clés : | Lèpre ; Bactériose ; Infection ; Epidémiologie ; Facteur risque ; Domicile ; Milieu rural ; Homme ; Malawi ; Afrique ; Bactérie ; Peau [pathologie] |
| Résumé : | [BDSP. Notice produite par INIST R0xKGgny. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Data on household and dwelling contact with known leprosy cases were available on more than 80,000 initially disease-free individuals followed up during the 1980s in a rural district of northern Malawi. A total of 331 new cases of leprosy were diagnosed among them. Individuals recorded as living in household or dwelling contact with multibacillary patients at the start of follow-up were at approximately five-to eightfold increased risk of leprosy, respectively, compared with individuals not living in such households or dwellings. Individuals living in household or dwelling contact with paucibacillary cases were both at approximately twofold increased risk. The higher risk associated with multibacillary contact and the fact that dwelling contact entailed a greater risk than household contact if the association was with multibacillary, but not with paucibacillary, disease suggest that paucibacillary cases may not themselves be sources of transmission, but rather just markers that a household has had contact with some (outside) source of infection. When household contact was considered alone, the risks of disease were appreciably higher for younger than for older contacts and for male compared with female contacts. Despite the elevated risk of leprosy associated with household or dwelling contact, only 15% of all incidence cases arose among recognized household contacts. (...) |
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