| Titre : | Neighbourhoods and homicide mortality : an analysis of race/ethnic differences. (2004) |
| Auteurs : | P.M. KRUEGER ; Sabond HUIE ; R.A. HUMMER ; R.G. ROGERS ; University of Colorado. Department of Sociology. Boulder. USA ; University of Texas. Population Research Center. Austin. USA |
| Type de document : | Article |
| Dans : | Journal of epidemiology and community health (vol. 58, n° 3, 2004) |
| Pagination : | 223-230 |
| Langues: | Anglais |
| Mots-clés : | Milieu social ; Epidémiologie ; Mortalité ; Race ; Ethnie ; Pauvreté ; Etude comparée ; Homicide ; Facteur ; Pronostic |
| Résumé : | [BDSP. Notice produite par INIST-CNRS NXR0xkS2. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Objective : To examine whether measures of neighbourhood economic deprivation, social disorganisation, and acculturation explain homicide mortality differentials between Mexican Americans, non-Hispanic black Americans, and non-Hispanic white Americans, net of individual factors. Design : Prospective study, National Health Interview Survey (1986-1994) linked to subsequent mortality in the National Death Index (1986-1997). Setting : United States of America. Participants : A nationally representative sample of non-institutionalised Mexican Americans, non-Hispanic black Americans, and non-Hispanic white Americans, aged 18-50 at the point of interview. Analysis : Cox proportional hazard models estimate the risk of death associated with various neighbourhood and individual factors. Main results : Both individual and neighbourhood risk factors partially account for race/ethnic disparities in homicide. Homicide mortality risks are between 20% and 50% higher for residents of areas that have economic inequality of 0.50 or greater based on the coefficient of variation, or where 4% or more of the residents are Mexican American, 10% or more of the residents are non-Hispanic black, or 20% or more of the households are headed by single parents (p<=05). But residents of areas where 10% or more of their neighbours are foreign born have 35% lower mortality risks than people living in areas with fewer foreign born people (p<=0.05). These differences persist even after controlling for individual level risk factors. Conclusions : The findings support economic deprivation, social disorganisation, and acculturation theories, and suggest that both neighbourhood and individual risk factors affect race/ethnic differences in homicide mortality. Public health policies must focus on both individual and neighbourhood factors to reduce homicide risks in vulnerable populations. |
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