Résumé :
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[BDSP. Notice produite par INIST R0xnpfiA. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Context In 1991, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended universal vaccination of infants against hepatitis B virus (HBV), with series initiation within days of birth. Objective To determine HBV vaccine coverage in a low-income urban population and to examine whether HBV immunization within the first month of life affects subsequent vaccine receipt. Design Cohort study based on immunization records collected in the Pediatric Immunization Program. Setting Large public housing development in Chicago, III. Participants All 1143 children who were born between 1991 and 1997 and enrolled between 1993 and mid-1998, with follow-up to age 35 months. Main Outcome Measures On-time vaccine receipt of HBV vaccine doses, diphtheriatetanus-pertussis vaccine (DTP) dose 1, and the 4 : 3 : 1 series (4 doses of DTP vaccine, 3 doses of poliomyelitis vaccine, and 1 dose of measles-containing vaccine), analyzed by year. Results On-time HBV vaccination increased quickly following new guidelines and reached a plateau of about 50% coverage for those born in or after 1995. Since 1994, more children (64%) received the first HBV vaccine dose on time than any other vaccine. Children who received a dose of HBV vaccine during their first month of life were more likely to receive the first DTP vaccine dose on time (60.1%) than those who did not get an HBV vaccine dose during the first month (36.4% ; X2=53.7 ; P<.>
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