| Titre : | Comparison of light scattering devices and impactors for particulate measurements in indoor, outdoor, and personal environments. (2002) |
| Auteurs : | L-Jsally LIU ; Timothy-V LARSON ; James-C SLAUGHTER ; Uw. Epa Nw Research Center for Particulate Air Pollution and Health. Department of Environmental Health. University of Washington. Seattle. WA. USA |
| Type de document : | Article |
| Dans : | Environmental science & technology (vol. 36, n° 13, 2002) |
| Pagination : | 2977-2986 |
| Langues: | Anglais |
| Mots-clés : | Pollution atmosphérique ; Aérosol ; Surveillance ; Court terme ; Etude comparée ; Exposition ; Homme ; Santé environnementale ; Etude cas ; Domicile ; Etats Unis ; Amérique ; Amérique du Nord |
| Résumé : | [BDSP. Notice produite par INIST-CNRS s8HR0xBJ. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Short-term monitoring of individual particulate matter (PM) exposures on subjects and inside residences in health effect studies have been sparse due to the lack of adequate monitoring devices. The recent development of small and portable light scattering devices, including the Radiance nephelometer (neph) and the personal Data RAM (pDR) has made this monitoring possible. This paper evaluates the performance of both the passive pDR and neph (without any size fractionation inlet) against measurements from both Harvard impactors (HI2.5) and Harvard personal environmental monitors (HPEM2.5) for PM2.5 in indoor, outdoor, and personal settings. These measurements were taken at the residences and on the person of nonsmoking elderly subjects across the metropolitan Seattle area and represent a wide range of light scattering measurements directly related to exposures and health effects. At low PM levels, nephs provided finer resolution and more precise measurements (precision=3-8% and uncertainty=2.8 x 10-7 m-1 or<1 mug/m3) than the pDRs. The unbiased precision of pDRs above 10 mug/m3 is around 5% (with an unbiased uncertainty of 4.4 mug/m3). The 24-h average responses of the pDR and neph, as compared to 24-h integrated gravimetric measurements, are not affected by indoor sources of PM. When regressed against 24-h gravimetric measurements, nephs showed higher coefficients of determination (R2=0.81-0.93) than pDRs (R2=0.77-0.84). The default mass calibration on the pDRs generally overestimated indoor HI2.5 measurements by 56%. When carried by subjects, the pDR overestimated the HPEM2.5 measurements by approximately 27%. Collocated real-time indoor nephs and pDRs at diverse residential sites had varied coefficients of determination across homes (R2=0.75-0.96), and the difference between pDR and neph responses increased during cooking hours. (...) |
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