| Titre : | HIV-1/AIDS and maternal and child health in Africa. (2002) |
| Auteurs : | Francois Dabis ; Ehounou-René EKPINI |
| Type de document : | Article |
| Dans : | Lancet (The) (vol. 359, n° 9323, 2002) |
| Pagination : | 2097-2104 |
| Langues: | Anglais |
| Mots-clés : | Sida ; Virose ; Infection ; VIH ; Rétrovirus ; Virus ; Enfant ; Homme ; Femme ; Afrique ; Mère ; Epidémie ; Epidémiologie ; Prévention santé ; Lutte contre sida ; Programme santé ; Immunopathologie |
| Résumé : | [BDSP. Notice produite par INIST-CNRS xISwR0xN. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Every day, 1900 children acquire HIV-1 Infection from their mother In Africa. The 25-45% risk of mother-to-child transmission can be reduced in several ways : prevention of sexual transmission for women of child-bearing age, access to HIV-1 testing, reduction of unwanted pregnancies by education of HIV-1-infected women, and antiretroviral-based prevention. All antiretroviral regimens of proven efficacy can be used in a minimum package of care for HIV-1-Infected pregnant women. At present, programmes in 13 countries reach less than 3% of HIV-1-Infected African women. 35-59% of African children Infected with HIV-1 die by their second birthday. Infectious complications are preventable by primary prophylaxis with co-trimoxazole. A rapid scaling-up and comprehensive continuum of care Is needed for all members of affected families, including access to antiretroviral treatment and community-based responses to the increasing number of orphans. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission should become a universal standard of care In Africa, and research should continue to reduce the transmission risk to well below 5%. |
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