| Titre : | Cognitive deficits associated with blood lead concentrations<10 mug/dL in US children and adolescents. (2000) |
| Auteurs : | Bruce-P LANPHEAR ; Peggy AUINGER ; Christopher COX ; K.I.M. DIETRICH ; Children's Hospital Medical Center. Cincinnati. OH. USA |
| Type de document : | Article |
| Dans : | Public health reports (vol. 115, n° 6, 2000) |
| Pagination : | 521-529 |
| Langues: | Anglais |
| Mots-clés : | Plomb ; Sang ; Concentration ; Epidémiologie ; Facteur risque ; Enfant ; Homme ; Adolescent ; Etats Unis ; Amérique ; Amérique du Nord |
| Résumé : | [BDSP. Notice produite par INIST l3eR0xKU. Diffusion soumise à autorisation]. Objective. Lead is a confirmed neurotoxicant, but the lowest blood lead concentration associated with deficits in cognitive functioning anc academic achievement is poorly definec. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship of relatively low blood lead concentrations-especially concentrations<10 micrograms per deciliter (mug/dL) with performance on tests of cognitive function ng in a representative sample of US children and adolescents, Methods. The authors used data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), conducted from 1988 to 1994, to assess the relationship between blood lead concentration and performance on tests of arithmetic skills, reading skil s. nonverbal reasoning, and short-term memory among 4,853 children ages 6-16 years. Results. The geometric mean blood lead concentration for child en in the study sample was 1.9 mug/dL : 172 (2.1%) had blood lead concentrations >=10 mug/dL. After adjustment for gender, race/ethn city, poverty, region of the country, parent or caregiver's educational level, parent or caregiver's marital status parent, serum ferritin level, and serum cotinine leve, the data showed an inverse relationship between blood lead concentration and scores on four measures of cognitive functioning. For every ! mug/dL increase in blooc lead concentration, there was a 0.7-point decrement in mean arithmetic scores, an approximately I-point decrement n mean reading scores, a 0.1-point decrement in mean scores on a measure of nonverbal reasoring, and a 0.5-point decrement in mean scores on a measure of short-term memory, An inverse relationship between blood lead concentration and arithmetic and reading scores was observed for children with blood lead concentrations lower than 5.0 mug/dL Conclusion. Deficits n cognitive and academic skills associated with lead exposure occur at blood lead concentrations lower than 5 mug/dL. |
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